Abdominal Injuries

TL;DR

Trauma to the abdomen causing potential internal bleeding and organ damage.

What are Abdominal Injuries?

The abdomen is the area of the torse between the chest and the pelvis. It is more commonly known as the tummy area, and includes internal organs such as the stomach, intestines, liver, and spleen.

Abdominal injuries can be the result of blunt trauma, such as a car accident or a fall, or penetrating trauma, such as a stab wound or gunshot. These injuries can lead to damage to internal organs, and may result in internal bleeding or the exposure of organs to external elements. Symptoms of abdominal injuries include rapid, shallow breathing; abdominal pain or tenderness; bruising; swelling; nausea; vomiting; pale and clammy skin; and signs of shock, such as altered consciousness and rapid heartbeat.

First aid for abdominal injuries involves calling emergency services immediately, using disposable gloves to protect both the rescuer and the casualty, and stabilizing the casualty by positioning them appropriately (conscious casualties should lie on their back with legs bent, while unconscious casualties should be placed in the recovery position with legs bent). Bleeding should be controlled by applying pressure with a non-stick dressing, and any penetrating objects should be left in place to avoid causing further damage. It is vital to monitor the casualty’s condition and provide reassurance while waiting for professional medical help to arrive.

Symptoms

• Pain
• Tenderness
• Bruising
• Distension
• Signs of shock such as pallor, sweating, rapid pulse, and low blood pressure

First Aid Steps

• Ensure the casualty is lying down and at rest
• Loosen any tight clothing around the abdomen
• Cover any open wounds with sterile dressings
• Avoid giving the casualty any food or drink
• Monitor for signs of shock and keep the casualty warm
• Seek urgent medical assistance

Takeaway to remember

An abdominal injury is an injury to the area between the chest and the pelvis. Abdominal injuries can result from blunt trauma, penetrating wounds, or internal medical conditions. These injuries can be severe and life-threatening due to the potential damage to internal organs such as the liver, spleen, stomach, intestines, kidneys, and major blood vessels.

Reference

• First Aid eBook