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First Aid Glossary / First Aid Glossary
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Cyanosis

TL;DR

Bluish discoloration of skin due to lack of oxygen, indicating respiratory issues.

What is Cyanosis?

Cyanosis is a medical condition characterised by a bluish or purplish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes due to low levels of oxygen in the blood. This discoloration is often most noticeable in areas with thin skin, such as the lips, nail beds, and earlobes.

Cyanosis can be a sign of serious underlying conditions affecting the respiratory or cardiovascular systems, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), heart failure, or severe infections. Immediate recognition and response are essential, as cyanosis indicates that tissues are not receiving adequate oxygen.

First aid for cyanosis involves addressing the underlying cause and ensuring that the casualty receives adequate oxygen. This may include helping the casualty to a comfortable position that eases breathing, such as sitting upright, and administering oxygen if available and trained to do so. Checking and clearing the airway of any obstructions, such as mucus or foreign objects, is crucial.

If the casualty is not breathing or breathing is inadequate, begin CPR immediately. Monitoring the casualty's vital signs and calling for emergency medical assistance is essential, as cyanosis can rapidly lead to life-threatening complications without prompt treatment.

Cyanosis</dfn>

Bluish discoloration of the skin due to lack of oxygen in the blood.

Recognising Cyanosis

  • Blue or Gray Skin Tone: Especially noticeable on lips, fingertips, and nail beds.
  • Shortness of Breath: Difficulty breathing or rapid breathing.
  • Fatigue: General weakness and lethargy.

First Aid for Cyanosis

  • Assess Airway and Breathing: Ensure the airway is open and clear any obstructions.
  • Provide Oxygen: If available, administer supplemental oxygen.
  • Call for Help: Dial emergency services for immediate medical assistance.

Takeaway to remember

Cyanosis is a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes caused by a lack of oxygen in the blood. It is often a sign of severe respiratory or cardiovascular problems.

Reference

Crush Syndrome Crush Syndrome Debriefing Debriefing