Haemorrhage

TL;DR

Heavy bleeding from damaged blood vessels, needing urgent control.

What is Haemorrhage?

Haemorrhage refers to excessive bleeding, which can be internal or external, and can occur due to trauma, surgery, or certain medical conditions. Severe haemorrhage is a life-threatening emergency that requires immediate medical attention.

Internal haemorrhage may not be visible, but signs include pain, swelling, and symptoms of shock such as pale skin, rapid pulse, and dizziness. External haemorrhage involves visible bleeding from a wound. The severity of haemorrhage depends on the rate and volume of blood loss. Rapid and significant blood loss can lead to hypovolemic shock, where the heart is unable to supply sufficient blood to the body.

First aid for haemorrhage focuses on controlling bleeding and preventing shock. For external bleeding, the affected area should be elevated if possible, and direct pressure should be applied using a clean cloth or bandage. If the bleeding is severe, a tourniquet may be used, but only as a last resort. For internal bleeding, the casualty should be kept still and warm while awaiting emergency medical help.

It is crucial to monitor vital signs and provide reassurance. If the casualty shows signs of shock, such as rapid breathing, weak pulse, or loss of consciousness, lay them down and elevate their legs if no spinal injury is suspected.

Rapid response and effective management of haemorrhage can significantly improve the chances of survival and recovery.

Takeaway to remember

Haemorrhage refers to severe bleeding, either internal or external, that can lead to shock and death if not controlled promptly.

Reference

• First Aid eBook