Heat Stroke

TL;DR

Severe heat illness with high body temperature, needing immediate cooling.

What is Heat Stroke?

Heat stroke is a severe and potentially fatal condition that occurs when the body's temperature regulation mechanism fails, leading to an excessively high body temperature, typically above 40°C (104°F).

This condition can develop rapidly and is often preceded by heat exhaustion. Heat stroke can be triggered by prolonged exposure to high temperatures, strenuous physical activity, or both, particularly in environments with high humidity.

Symptoms of heat stroke include confusion, seizures, loss of consciousness, hot and dry skin, rapid heart rate, and shallow breathing. Unlike other heat-related conditions, sweating may be absent during heat stroke, making the skin feel dry and flushed.

Immediate first aid for heat stroke is crucial and can be lifesaving. The first step is to move the casualty to a cooler environment, away from direct sunlight. Remove any unnecessary clothing and apply cool water to the skin, using wet cloths, sponges, or a shower if available. Ice packs can be placed on major arteries, such as the neck, armpits, and groin, to help lower body temperature.

It is essential to call emergency services immediately, as heat stroke requires professional medical treatment.

While waiting for help to arrive, continue cooling the casualty and monitor their condition closely.

Preventive measures for heat stroke include staying hydrated, taking breaks in the shade, and avoiding strenuous activities during the hottest parts of the day.

Signs of Heat Stroke

• High Body Temperature: Core temperature above 40°C (104°F).
• Altered Mental State: Confusion, agitation, or unconsciousness.
• Hot, Dry Skin: Lack of sweating despite high temperature.
• Rapid Pulse: Strong and rapid heartbeat.

First Aid for Heat Stroke

• Call Emergency Services: Dial 000 immediately.
• Cool the Body: Immerse the casualty in cool water, use ice packs, or apply cold, wet cloths to the body.
• Monitor: Keep the casualty cool and monitor their condition until help arrives.

Takeaway to remember

Heat stroke is a severe heat-related condition where the body's temperature regulation system fails, leading to dangerously high body temperatures.

Reference

• First Aid eBook