DRSABCD

TL;DR

Mnemonic for Danger, Response, Send for help, Airway, Breathing, CPR, Defibrillation.

What is DRSABCD?

DRSABCD is an acronym representing the key steps in the primary survey of a casualty, which stands for Danger, Response, Send for help, Airway, Breathing, CPR, and Defibrillation. This systematic approach ensures that life-threatening conditions are identified and managed in a timely manner. The first step, Danger, involves checking for any hazards to the rescuer, casualty, or bystanders. The Response step assesses the casualty's consciousness by using the C.O.W.S method: Can you hear me? Open your eyes. What's your name? Squeeze my hands. If the casualty is unresponsive, help should be sent for immediately by calling emergency services.

Next, the Airway step involves checking and clearing any obstructions to ensure the casualty can breathe. This may involve tilting the head back and lifting the chin. Breathing is then assessed by looking, listening, and feeling for normal breathing. If the casualty is not breathing or breathing abnormally, CPR should be commenced, consisting of chest compressions and rescue breaths. Finally, if an automated external defibrillator (AED) is available, it should be used as soon as possible to deliver shocks to a heart in a life-threatening arrhythmia. Following these steps increases the chances of survival and recovery for the casualty.

• D: Danger - Ensure the area is safe for yourself, others, and the casualty.
• R: Response - Check if the casualty is responsive.
• S: Send for help - Call emergency services.
• A: Airway - Ensure the airway is open and clear.
• B: Breathing - Check if the casualty is breathing normally.
• C: CPR - Start chest compressions and rescue breaths if the casualty is not breathing.
• D: Defibrillation - Use an AED if available.

Takeaway to remember

DRSABCD is a mnemonic used to remember the steps in first aid and CPR:

Reference

• First Aid eBook